Chapter Four · failure evidence
What Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) got wrong, from 7 dissertations
The evaluated records document methodological failures and practical limitations across nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging applications. Investigators encountered spectral overlap, line broadening, image artifacts from dephasing or off-resonance effects, reconstruction instabilities, and physical restraint constraints. These records come from PhD theses at 7 institutions, 2021 to 2026. Each links to its thesis. They were extracted by language models reading the full text, so treat each as a lead to read, not a verdict.
Overlapping and unresolved resonances in NMR spectroscopy
Offline proton NMR spectroscopy was rejected for analyzing reaction mixtures because olefinic and aliphatic resonances overlapped with isomeric by-products. Conventional two-dimensional macromolecular NMR was likewise rejected after spectra produced overlapping and unresolved resonances on a ninety kilodalton dimer.
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected offline 1H NMR spectroscopy of whole reaction mixtures for determining conversion and selectivity of medium-sized ring olefin metathesis because of overlapping olefinic and aliphatic resonances with isomeric by-products.
Continuous-Flow Chemistry: From the Wavelength Dependence of Photoreactions to Spatial Confinement Effects in Olefin Metathesis Kontinuierliche Fluss-Chemie: Von der Wellenlängenabhängigkeit von Photoreaktionen bis zu räumlichen Begrenzungseffekten bei der Olefinmetathese · open_UMR Marburg DSpace 10.0
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected uniform 15N labeling and conventional 2D macromolecular NMR after spectra yielded overlapping and unresolved resonances on the ~90 kDa dimer.
19F NMR Studies of CYP121 from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Importance of the Protein Dimer · DSpace at SUNY Buffalo
Dephasing and off-resonance image artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging
Sinusoidal gradient encoding with temporal shuffling in fast three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging failed because intra-voxel dephasing caused severe image artifacts. Similarly, magnetic resonance relaxometry mapping in cardiac tissue was hindered by poor image quality and severe off-resonance artifacts that prevented quantitative analysis.
Tried and failed
sinusoidal gradient encoding with temporal shuffling applied to fast 3D magnetic resonance imaging. Reason: non-trivial intra-voxel dephasing caused severe image artifacts
On Improving the Acquisition and Reconstruction Of Spatio-Temporal Magnetic Resonance Imaging · MIT
Tried and failed
T2* magnetic resonance relaxometry mapping applied to in vivo cardiac tissue characterisation. Reason: poor image quality and severe off-resonance artefacts prevented quantitative analysis
Left open by the authors
Problems the authors named and did not get to.
Left open
Extend correlation sensing to microwave frequencies using 1/T1 sensing and implement 3D nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction. Blocker: Requires a physical experimental laboratory with dense NV ensemble diamond samples, microwave control hardware, and optical readout apparatus
Interaction-Enhanced Sensing in Solid-State Spin Ensembles · Harvard
Left open
Conduct a longitudinal solution study across 10-100 nm nanodiamonds to systematically map size, T1 relaxation, FNV-, and Gd3+ sensitivity. Blocker: Requires wet lab equipment, nanodiamond samples across size ranges, and optical/magnetic resonance spectroscopy apparatus
Assembly, Modification and Characterization of Nanodiamond Quantum Emitters · Penn
Left open
Correlate porous media dielectric spectroscopy measurements with X-ray computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance datasets for 3D liquid structure characterization. Blocker: Requires experimental laboratory access and hardware for dielectric spectroscopy, XCT, and NMR measurements on physical porous media samples.
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